Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a serious condition in which part of the aorta, the body's largest blood vessel, expands abnormally. The aorta carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body and its walls are normally strong and elastic. But when the aortic wall weakens, it can't withstand the pressure exerted by the blood, which can lead to a bulge or dilation of the blood vessel. This bulge can vary in size and location, but is typically found in the abdominal region.
An abdominal aortic aneurysm usually develops slowly over many years and rarely causes symptoms until it reaches a dangerous size. Because of this, the condition is often only discovered when tests are performed for other conditions or when the aneurysm is close to rupture, which can cause sudden, severe pain in the abdomen, back or chest. If the aneurysm ruptures, it causes life-threatening internal bleeding that requires immediate medical treatment.
It is therefore crucial to identify and monitor abdominal aortic aneurysms early to reduce the risk of rupture.